Telescope with improved performance and simplified mounting

ABSTRACT

A telescope including a fastener plate, a primary mirror carried by a front face of the plate, and a secondary mirror held facing the primary mirror by a support, wherein the support includes a primary sleeve mounted around the primary mirror, a secondary sleeve mounted around the secondary mirror, arms connecting the secondary sleeve to the primary sleeve, and mechanical decoupler for decoupling the secondary mirror relative to the primary mirror.

The present invention relates to the field of optics, and moreparticularly to a telescope suitable for use for observation and foraiming.

STATE OF THE ART

A telescope comprises a structure carrying a primary mirror and asecondary mirror that is held facing the primary mirror by a support insuch a manner that the primary mirror reflects light flux to thesecondary mirror, which in turn reflects it to an eyepiece. Thestructure includes a fastener plate for fastening the primary mirror soas to keep the assembly comprising the primary mirror, the support, andthe secondary mirror in position relative to the eyepiece, withoutgiving rise to mechanical stresses on the primary mirror.

There are numerous types of telescope in existence, and in particularNewton telescopes and Cassegrain telescopes. In Cassegrain and similartelescopes (Schmidt Cassegrain, Maksutov Cassegrain), the primary mirroris pierced at its center in order to pass the light flux reflected bythe secondary mirror to an eyepiece that is arranged behind the primarymirror.

In the telescopes used in observation and aiming systems that arecarried by vehicles, the eyepiece is replaced by a sensor connected to adisplay device mounted in the control station of the vehicle.

The quality of a telescope depends on the relative positioning of themirrors and on the deformations to which the mirrors are subjected.

Differential expansion and vibration act together to limit theperformance of such telescopes.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

An object of the invention is to improve the performance of suchtelescopes.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

To this end, there is provided a telescope comprising a fastener plate,a primary mirror carried by a front face of the plate, and a secondarymirror held facing the primary mirror by a support.

According to a first characteristic of the invention, the supportcomprises a primary sleeve mounted around the primary mirror, asecondary sleeve mounted around the secondary mirror, and armsconnecting the secondary sleeve to the primary sleeve, and the supportincludes mechanical decoupling means for decoupling the secondary mirrorrelative to the primary mirror.

The presence of mechanical decoupling means, such as the arrangement ofthe secondary sleeve of the support, serves to limit the transmission ofvibration to the secondary mirror, thereby significantly improving theperformance of the telescope, in particular when it is carried by avehicle.

Preferably, the secondary sleeve comprises an outer sleeve and an innersleeve coaxial with the outer sleeve and connected thereto bysymmetrically distributed mechanical decoupling elements.

This technique for mechanical decoupling is particularly simple.

Then advantageously, the secondary mirror is received with clearance inthe inner sleeve and is adhesively bonded thereto by means of astructural adhesive; the outer sleeve including first holes and theinner ring including second holes, which first and second holes arethrough holes that are substantially in alignment to permit theinsertion of a cannula for injecting adhesive.

This arrangement of the holes serves to facilitate inserting adhesivebetween the secondary mirror and the inner sleeve.

Also advantageously, the first holes are made in the vicinity of thearms.

At this location, the outer sleeve presents greater thickness for makingthe holes.

According to a second characteristic of the invention, the primarymirror is connected to the plate by fastener elements, each having abase fastened to the plate and, opposite from the base, a bearing thatis positioned between first and second rear portions of the primarymirror and that itself receives a third segment of a pin also havingfirst and second segments that are received respectively in first andsecond holes that are formed respectively in the first and second rearportions. The third segment is received in the bearing as a sliding fitand is adhesively bonded in the bearing by means of a structuraladhesive, and the pin is provided with a central channel having a firstend opening out into a portion of the pin that is accessible when thepin is in position in the holes in order to receive one end of a cannulafor injecting adhesive, and a second end opening out at least into atransverse channel having at least one end opening out into the outsidesurface of the third segment.

Since the quantity of adhesive is limited, the influence of anyexpansion of the adhesive under the effect of temperature variation issmall, so the adhesive does not generate sufficient stress on theprimary mirror to cause the primary mirror to deform.

According to a third characteristic of the invention, the supportcomprises a primary sleeve mounted around the primary mirror, asecondary sleeve mounted around the secondary mirror, and armsconnecting the secondary sleeve to the primary sleeve. As analternative, or in addition:

-   -   each arm has a first end adjacent to the primary sleeve and a        second end adjacent to the secondary sleeve, the first end        extending radially relative to the primary sleeve and the second        end extending tangentially relative to the secondary sleeve;    -   the arms are curved towards the primary mirror; and    -   each arm is of cross-section that varies between its ends in        such a manner that, for a given force generating stresses in the        arm, the stresses are distributed in equivalent manner along the        arm.

The arms then enable the secondary mirror to be held in positionrelative to the primary mirror, while making it possible, as a result ofat least one of the above-mentioned arrangements, firstly to limit thetransmission of vibration to the secondary mirror, and secondly to limitthe area of the primary mirror that is masked from incident light fluxby the arms.

According to a fourth characteristic of the invention, the telescope isof the Cassegrain type and the plate has a rear surface includingpositioning references for positioning the telescope relative to animage capture device arranged facing the rear face.

Then advantageously, the positioning references are obtained by opticalquality machining and comprise a face perpendicular to the optical axisof the telescope in order to form a tilt reference, a central bore inorder to form a centering reference, and concave machining in the formof a spherical cap having a center on the optical axis in order todefine a distance for the sensor relative to the secondary mirror.

Also advantageously, the secondary mirror includes a central portionfacing the primary mirror, which central portion is provided with atleast one centering mark for centering the secondary mirror relative tothe primary mirror.

This serves to facilitate positioning the image capture device relativeto the telescope and positioning the secondary mirror relative to theprimary mirror.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention appear on readingthe following description of particular, nonlimiting embodiments of theinvention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a telescope of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the support on its own viewed from afirst angle;

FIG. 3 is a view on a larger scale of a central region of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the support for the secondary mirrorviewed from a second angle;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the support viewed from a third angle;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the secondary mirror on its own;

FIG. 7 is a fragmentary view in section on plane VII of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a detail view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the primary mirror on its own;

FIG. 10 is a view of a fastener element for fastening the primary mirroron the plate; and

FIGS. 11 to 13 are fragmentary views in perspective and in sectionshowing the primary mirror being mounted on the plate.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention is described herein in its application to a telescope ofthe Maksutov Cassegrain type.

With reference to the figures, the telescope of the invention comprises:

-   -   a primary mirror;    -   a secondary mirror; and    -   a support holding the secondary mirror and the primary mirror        facing each other.

In the figures, the primary mirror, the secondary mirror, and thesupport are given respective general references 100, 200, and 300.

The primary mirror 100 comprises an axisymmetric body 101 having acentral axis on which there are centered a reflecting surface 102, areference surface 103 opposite from the reflecting surface 102, aperipheral surface 104 of cylindrical shape, and a central bore 105opening out in the reflecting surface 102 and in the reference surface103. The reflecting surface 102 is in the shape of a concave asphericalcap. The reference surface 103 includes a plurality of grooves 106, 107(two in this example), which grooves are circular in shape, arerectangular in cross-section, are centered on the central axis, anddefine an outer annular portion 108, an intermediate annular portion109, and an inner annular portion 110. The groove 106 is closer to thecentral axis than the groove 107. The grooves 106, 107 serve to lightenthe primary mirror 100, while the portions 108, 109, and 110 form ribsfor stiffening the reflecting surface 102.

The secondary mirror 200 comprises an axisymmetric body 201 having acentral axis on which there are centered a reflecting surface 202, aface 203 opposite from the reflecting surface 202, and a peripheralsurface 204 of cylindrical shape. The reflecting surface 202 is in theshape of a convex aspherical cap that faces the reflecting surface 102of the primary mirror 100. The central axis of the secondary mirror 200is aligned on the central axis of the primary mirror 100 in order todefine the optical axis A of the telescope.

In this example, the primary mirror 100, the secondary mirror 200, andthe support 300 are all made of aluminum.

The primary mirror 100 is mounted on a fastener plate, given overallreference 1, and having the support 300 fastened thereon.

The support 300 comprises a primary sleeve 310 mounted on the fastenerplate 1 in order to extend around the primary mirror 100, a secondarysleeve 320 mounted around the secondary mirror 200, and arms 350connecting the secondary sleeve 320 to the primary sleeve 310. In thisexample, the support 300 is a single piece.

The primary sleeve 310 extends around the primary mirror 1 withouttouching it, and it includes a margin 313 surrounding the fastener plate1 in order to fasten the sleeve to the fastener plate 1. In thisexample, the primary sleeve 310 is fastened to the fastener plate 1 byadhesive using a structural adhesive, specifically an epoxy adhesive. Atits opposite end, the primary sleeve 310 has a margin 311 projectingfrom the primary mirror 100 towards the secondary mirror 200, and themargin 311 is provided with notches 312 for minimizing the portion ofthe primary sleeve 310 that projects from the primary mirror 100 andthat runs the risk of intercepting a secondary light flux going towardsthe primary mirror 100.

Each arm 350 has a first end 351 connecting it substantially radially tothe primary sleeve 310 and a second end 352 connecting it substantiallytangentially to the secondary sleeve 320. The arms 350 are arranged asthree pairs positioned at 120° from one another. The first ends 351 aresecured to the inside surface 313 of the portions of the primary sleeve310 that project from the reflecting surface 102 between the notches.The arms 350 in each pair diverge from each other so that the second end352 of each of the arms 350 in a pair almost meets the second end 352 ofthe adjacent arm 350 belonging to another pair of arms 350.

The arms 350 are curved towards the primary mirror 100. Each arm 350 isof cross-section that varies between its ends 351 and 352 in such amanner that, for a given force generating stresses in the branch, thestresses are distributed in equivalent manner along the arm 350. In thisexample, the cross-section is rectangular in shape, with a major axisparallel to the optical axis A.

The arms 350 are thus arranged so as to:

-   -   have stiffness and resistance to stresses that are sufficient to        limit the transmission of vibratory energy to the secondary        mirror 200; and    -   have an area as projected onto the primary mirror 100 that is        small in order to limit the amount of shadow that is projected        by the arms 350 onto the primary mirror 100.

The support 300 includes mechanical decoupling means for decoupling thesecondary mirror 200 relative to the primary mirror 100.

The secondary sleeve 320 has an outer sleeve 21 to which the second ends352 of the arm 350 are connected, and an inner sleeve 322 coaxial withthe outer sleeve 321 and connected thereto by symmetrically distributedmechanical decoupling elements. In this example, the mechanicaldecoupling elements are in the form of three spring blades 323 extendingradially between the outer sleeve 321 and the inner sleeve 322. Thespring blades 323 are arranged at 120° so that each spring blade 323 ispositioned symmetrically between two pairs of arms 350. Each springblade 323 is arranged to be relatively rigid in a direction parallel tothe optical axis A, but relatively flexible in a circumferentialdirection of the secondary sleeve 200.

The outer sleeve 321 has third holes 331, and the inner sleeve 322 hasfourth holes 332, which third and fourth holes are through holes thatare substantially in alignment. Each hole 331 and the hole 332 that isin alignment therewith form a pair of holes that permit a cannula C forinjecting adhesive to be inserted from the outside of the outer sleeve321. The hole 331 is arranged to guide the cannula towards the hole 332.Each hole 332 is stepped in order to form an abutment against pushingthe cannula into the hole 332, and it is arranged to provide a leaktightconnection with the cannula C. For this purpose, the cannula C isconical in shape, and each hole 332 has an inlet segment of diameterthat is slightly smaller than the outside diameter of the cannula C at apoint set back a little (1 millimeter (mm) or 2 mm) from its end, insuch a manner as to press against it (see in particular FIG. 8).

The support 300 has six pairs of holes 331, 332 in such a manner that:

-   -   each hole 331 has one end opening out to the outside of the        outer sleeve 321 between the second ends 352 of a pair of arms        350, and one end opening out to the inside of the outer sleeve        322 between the two spring blades 323;    -   each hole 332 has one end opening out to the inside of the outer        sleeve 321 between two spring blades 323 and facing the end of        the corresponding hole 331, and one end opening out to the        inside of the inner sleeve 322; and    -   the openings of the holes 332 are distributed symmetrically        inside the inner sleeve 322.

The secondary mirror 200 is received in the inner sleeve 322 with radialclearance of about 0.25 mm and is adhesively bonded therein by means ofa structural adhesive. The positioning of the pairs of holes 331, 332enables the adhesive to be spread uniformly around the secondary mirror200. The small clearance between the inside surface of the inner sleeve322 and the peripheral surface 204 of the secondary mirror 200 servesfirstly to enable the position (in terms of tilt and centering) of thesecondary mirror 200 to be adjusted relative to the axis of the primarymirror 100, and secondly to limit the thickness of adhesive that extendsbetween these two surfaces. Having a thickness that is relatively smallserves to limit the stresses that the adhesive can exert on thesecondary mirror 200 as a result of a variation in temperature. In thisexample, the adhesive used is an epoxy adhesive, and by way of exampleit is the adhesive sold under the trademark 3M with the reference DP490.It should be observed that the outer sleeve 321 has an inside surfaceprovided with an annular recess 324 to avoid interfering with thesecondary mirror 200 during operations of adjusting the position of saidsecondary mirror 200.

The plate 1 is of the axisymmetric shape about a central axis thatcoincides with the optical axis of the telescope, and it has a frontface 2 facing the fastener face 103 of the primary mirror 100, andopposite therefrom, a rear surface given overall reference 3 in FIG. 1.

The front face 2 is provided with a groove 4 of circular shape centeredon the central axis of the fastener plate 1. The groove 4 has a flatbottom with fastener elements 10 fastened thereto, each fastener element10 having a base 11 resting flat against the bottom of the groove 4, andopposite from its base 11, a bearing 12 that projects beyond the frontface 2. The bearing 12 is connected to the base 11 by two connectingrods 13 arranged to form a triangle together with the base 11. Theconnecting rods 13 are made integrally with the bearing 12 and with thebase 11.

There are three fastener elements 10 that are arranged at 120° from oneanother symmetrically about the central axis.

The bearing 12 of each fastener element 10 is positioned in the groove107 between the outer annular portion 108 and the intermediate annularportion 109.

Each bearing 12 receives a third segment 23 of a pin, given overallreference 20 in the figures, which pin has a first segment 21 and asecond segment 22 that are received respectively in a first hole 38 andin a second hole 39, which holes are arranged in the outer annularportion 108 and in the intermediate annular portion 109. The holes 38and 39 are through holes.

The second segment 22 is of diameter that is smaller than the thirdsegment 23 and it is connected thereto via a shoulder that forms anabutment against pushing the second segment 22 into the second hole 39.The first segment 21 has a diameter greater than the third segment 23.

The first segment 21 and the second segment 22 are adhesively bondedrespectively in the first hole 38 and in the second hole 39 by means ofan anaerobic structural adhesive. More particularly, the adhesive usedis sold under the trademark LOCTITE with the reference 638. It isadvantageous to leave as little space as possible between the outsidesurfaces of the segments 21 and 22 and the inside surfaces of the holes38 and 39. The smallest possible space must be sufficient to allow thetwo surfaces to slide relative to each other prior to being bondedtogether, and to admit a quantity of adhesive that is just sufficient tobond the two surfaces together, given the forces that are to bewithstood. The fluidity of the adhesive has an influence on thedimensions given to this space, since the greater the fluidity of theadhesive, the smaller the thickness needed by this space. It should beunderstood that it is desired to minimize this thickness and thus tominimize the quantity of adhesive so that, in the event of a temperaturevariation, the adhesive does not generate stresses on the primary mirror100 that might deform it.

The pin 20 is provided with a central channel 25 having:

-   -   a first end opening out into a terminal face 26 of the pin 20        that forms a portion of the pin 20 that is accessible when the        pin 20 is in position in the holes 38 and 39 in order to receive        an end of a cannula C for injecting adhesive; and    -   a second end opening out at least into a transverse channel 27        having its two ends opening out at diametrically opposite points        in an outside surface of the third segment 23.

The third segment 23 is received in the bearing 12 as a sliding fit. Inthis example, the sliding fit is of the H7g6 type, but it could be ofthe H7g5 type or any other sliding fit that leaves as little space aspossible between the outside surface of the third segment 23 and theinside surface of the bearing 12. The third segment 23 is adhesivelybonded in the bearing 12 by means of a structural adhesive injected intothe central channel 25 and then into the transverse channel 27 by meansof the cannula C inserted into an inlet segment of the central channel25 that opens out in the terminal face 26. More particularly, theadhesive used is an epoxy structural adhesive, e.g. the adhesive soldunder the trademark 3M with the reference DP490. The smallest possiblespace left between the outside surface of the third segment 23 and theinside surface of the bearing 12 must be sufficient to enable the twosurfaces to slide relative to each other prior to adhesive bonding, andto admit a quantity of adhesive that is just sufficient to fasten thetwo surfaces together, given the forces that are to be withstood. Thefluidity of the adhesive has an influence on this space, since thegreater the fluidity of the adhesive, the smaller the thickness neededby this space. It should be understood that it is desired to minimizethis thickness and thus to minimize the quantity of adhesive so that, inthe event of a temperature variation, the adhesive does not generatestresses on the primary mirror 100 that might deform it.

Beside the annular groove 107, each of the holes 39 opens out into arecess 40 formed in the intermediate annular portion 109 so as to avoidany contact between the bearing 12 and a surface of the intermediateannular portion 109.

It should be observed that the connecting rods 13 are arranged toprovide mechanical decoupling between the primary mirror 100 and thefastener plate 1 so as to support the primary mirror 100 while limitingthe creation of any mechanical stresses in the primary mirror 100. Forthis purpose, the connecting rods 13 include portions of small thicknessin a direction perpendicular to the optical axis and to their ownlongitudinal axes so that the connecting rods are more rigid relative toforces that are parallel to the optical axis A than to forces that areperpendicular to the optical axis A and to their own longitudinal axes.

The mirrors 100 and 200, the support 300, and the plate 1 are assembledtogether as follows.

The base 11 of each fastener element 10 is initially fastened to theplate 1 by screw fastener elements that are not visible in the figures.Thereafter the mirror 100 is fastened to the fastener elements 10. To dothis, the bearings 12 are engaged in the groove 107, and each pin 20 isengaged successively into the corresponding hole 38, bearing 12, andhole 39, after the anaerobic structural adhesive has been deposited onthe first segment 21 and on the second segment 22. Thereafter, the epoxystructural adhesive is introduced between the inside surface of thebearing 12 and the outside surface of the third segment 23 via thecentral channel 25 and then the transverse channel 27.

Thereafter, the support 300 is adhesively bonded to the plate 1 and thenthe secondary mirror 200 is adhesively bonded to the support 300 asdescribed above.

The rear surface 3 of the fastener plate 1 includes positioningreferences for positioning the telescope relative to an image captureassembly shown symbolically in FIG. 1 under reference 400 and arrangedfacing the rear face 3. The image capture assembly 400 comprises asensor and optionally one or more lenses mounted in front of the sensor.

The positioning references are obtained by optical quality machining,and they comprise:

-   -   an annular face 51 centered on the optical axis of the telescope        and perpendicular to the optical axis of the telescope so as to        form a tilt reference;    -   a central bore 52 for forming a centering reference; and    -   a concave surface portion 53 in the form of a spherical cap        having its center on the optical axis so as to define a distance        for the sensor relative to the secondary mirror 200.

The sensor is positioned parallel to the rear faces 3 and in such amanner that the focal point defined by the concave surface portion 53coincides with the focal point of the sensor.

Also, the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror 200 has a centralportion provided with at least one mark 210 for centering the secondarymirror 200 relative to the primary mirror 100. The mark 210 is in theform of a ring centered on the optical axis of the secondary mirror.

Before applying the adhesive, the positioning of the secondary mirror200 relative to the primary mirror 100 is adjusted by opticalinterferometry between the surfaces 202 and 102, and by moving thesecondary mirror 200 by means of micro-actuators.

Naturally, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described andcovers any variant coming within the ambit of the invention as definedby the claims.

In particular, although in this example all of the components of thetelescope are made of aluminum in order to limit differential expansion,it is possible to make the telescope using other materials, providingthey have uniform coefficients of expansion so as to limit stresses onthe components that might give rise to any relative movement between themirrors or to any deformation thereof. . . .

In a variant, the pin may be cantilevered out from a single rear portionof the primary mirror.

Although the telescope of the invention provides very high performancewhen all four characteristics of the invention are combined, as in theembodiment described, the four characteristics are independent of oneanother and it is possible to implement the invention using the firstcharacteristic on its own or in combination with one or two of the otherremaining characteristics.

Although in this example the means for mechanically decoupling thesecondary mirror 200 relative to the primary mirror 100 are providedsolely by the arrangement of the secondary sleeve 320 as two sleeves 321and 322 that are connected together by spring blades 323, it is possibleto envisage additional mechanical decoupling means. In particular,mechanical decoupling means, such as spring blades, could be interposedbetween the primary sleeve 310 and each of the first ends 351 of thearms 350.

The arms could be of shapes other than that described, and they couldpresent only one or two of the following characteristics:

-   -   each arm has a first end adjacent to the primary sleeve and a        second end adjacent to the secondary sleeve, the first end        extending radially relative to the primary sleeve and the second        end extending tangentially relative to the secondary sleeve;    -   the arms are curved towards the primary mirror; and    -   each arm is of cross-section that varies between its ends in        such a manner that, for a given force generating stresses in the        arm, the stresses are distributed in equivalent manner along the        arm.

The fastening of the primary mirror on the plate may be performeddifferently. The fastener elements 10 could be of shapes other than thatdescribed, and the pins 20 may be smooth or they may be cantilevermounted. The number of fastener elements 10 could be other than three.

The primary sleeve could be fastened to the plate in different manner,e.g. adhesively.

The transverse channel 27 could have only one end opening out in theoutside surface of the third segment 23, and there could be a pluralityof transverse channels 27, e.g. three channels at 120° from one another.

The rear face of the plate need not include the positioning references,or it could include only some of them.

The invention is applicable to other types of telescope, and for exampleto a telescope of the Schmidt Cassegrain type.

1. A telescope comprising a fastener plate, a primary mirror carried bya front face of the plate, and a secondary mirror held facing theprimary mirror by a support, the support comprising a primary sleevemounted around the primary mirror, a secondary sleeve mounted around thesecondary mirror, arms connecting the secondary sleeve to the primarysleeve, and mechanical decoupling means for decoupling the secondarymirror relative to the primary mirror, the telescope wherein: thesecondary sleeve comprises an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve coaxialwith the outer sleeve and connected thereto by symmetrically distributedmechanical decoupling elements; and the secondary mirror is receivedwith clearance in the inner sleeve and is adhesively bonded thereto bymeans of a structural adhesive; the outer sleeve including first holesand the inner ring including second holes, which first and second holesare through holes that are substantially in alignment to permit theinsertion of a cannula for injecting adhesive.
 2. The telescopeaccording to claim 1, wherein the second hole is stepped so as to forman abutment against pushing the cannula into the second hole, and thesecond hole is arranged to provide a leaktight connection with thecannula.
 3. The telescope according to claim 1, wherein the first holesare made in the vicinity of the arms.
 4. The telescope according toclaim 1 wherein the primary sleeve has a margin projecting from theprimary mirror towards the secondary mirror, and the margin is providedwith notches.
 5. The telescope according to claim 1 wherein the primarymirror is connected to the plate by fastener elements, each having abase fastened to the plate and, opposite from the base, a bearing thatis positioned between first and second rear portions of the primarymirror and that itself receives a third segment of a pin also havingfirst and second segments that are received respectively in first andsecond holes that are formed respectively in the first and second rearportions; in that the third segment is received in the bearing as asliding fit and is adhesively bonded in the bearing by means of astructural adhesive; and in that the pin is provided with a centralchannel having a first end opening out into a portion of the pin that isaccessible when the pin is in position in the holes in order to receiveone end of a cannula for injecting adhesive, and a second end openingout at least into a transverse channel having at least one end openingout into the outside surface of the third segment.
 6. The telescopeaccording to claim 5, wherein the second segment is of diameter that issmaller than the third segment and it is connected thereto via ashoulder that forms an abutment against pushing the second segment intothe second hole.
 7. The telescope according to claim 6, wherein thesecond hole is a through hole.
 8. The telescope according to claim 6,wherein the first segment has a diameter greater than the third segment.9. The telescope according to claim 5, wherein the second segmentincludes a recess facing the bearing in order to avoid any contactbetween the bearing and the second segment.
 10. The telescope accordingto claim 9, wherein the sliding fit is of H7g6 or H7g5 type.
 11. Thetelescope according to claim 5, wherein the first and second portionsare separated from each other by a segment of a circular groove centeredon the optical axis of the telescope.
 12. The telescope according toclaim 1 wherein each arm has a first end adjacent to the primary sleeveand a second end adjacent to the secondary sleeve, the first endextending substantially radially relative to the primary sleeve and thesecond end connecting substantially tangentially to the secondarysleeve.
 13. The telescope according to claim 1 wherein the arms arecurved towards the primary mirror.
 14. The telescope according to claim1 wherein each arm is of cross-section that varies between its ends insuch a manner that, for a given force generating stresses in the arm,the stresses are distributed in equivalent manner along the arm.
 15. Thetelescope according to claim 1 wherein: each arm has a first endadjacent to the primary sleeve and a second end adjacent to thesecondary sleeve, the first end extending radially relative to theprimary sleeve and the second end extending tangentially relative to thesecondary sleeve; the arms are curved towards the primary mirror; andeach arm is of cross-section that varies between its ends in such amanner that, for a given force generating stresses in the arm, thestresses are distributed in equivalent manner along the arm.
 16. Thetelescope according to claim 1 wherein the telescope is of theCassegrain type and the plate has a rear surface including positioningreferences for positioning the telescope relative to an image capturedevice arranged facing the rear face.
 17. The telescope according toclaim 16, wherein the positioning references are obtained by opticalquality machining and comprise a face perpendicular to the optical axisof the telescope in order to form a tilt reference, a central bore inorder to form a centering reference, and a concave surface in the formof a spherical cap having a center on the optical axis in order todefine a distance for the image capture device relative to the secondarymirror.
 18. The telescope according to claim 16, wherein the secondarymirror includes a central portion facing the primary mirror, whichcentral portion is provided with at least one centering mark forcentering the secondary mirror relative to the primary mirror.
 19. Thetelescope according to claim 18, wherein the mark is in the form of aring centered on the optical axis of the secondary mirror.
 20. Thetelescope according to claim 1 wherein the bearing is connected to thebase by two connecting rods arranged to form a triangle together withthe base.
 21. The telescope according to claim 20, wherein theconnecting rods are made integrally with the bearing and with the base,and the connecting rods are arranged to provide mechanical decouplingbetween the primary mirror and the plate in such a manner as to supportthe primary mirror, while limiting the creation of any mechanicalstresses in the primary mirror.